翻譯4-3.5

In other words, as a result of long-time evolutionary changes each species plays a specific ecological role, called its niche, with generalist species having broad ecological roles and specialist species having narrower ecological roles. Is depends. When environmental conditions are fairly constant, as in a tropical rain forest, specialists have an advantage because they have fewer competitors. But under rapidly changing environmental conditions, the generalist usually is better off than the specialist.

換句話說，由於長期演變變動每個種類扮演一個具體生態學角色，称它的適當位置，當一般性的種類有寬廣的生態學角色和專家的種類有狹義的生態角色。這是依靠，當環境條件是相當穩定，因為在熱帶雨林，專家有優勢，因為他們有少量競爭者。 但是,根據迅速變化的環境條件下，一般性的通常比專家好。